Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is under investigation as a cause of the growing global prevalence of Crohn’s disease (CD). Found in meat, milk, water, fruits and vegetables, pastures, and aerosols, this pathogen, which can exist only in mammalian cells, causes a granulomatous enteritis similar to an intestinal tuberculosis known as Johne’s disease in cattle and other ruminants.